What is the role of the state in the development process?
In the general sense, the state means all parties within the state, but in this context, the state is sought to be defined as a public sector. What we have understood is that the state formulates various policies, rules and laws to carry out all the work in the country. The private sector, cooperative sector and non-governmental organizations are mobilized on the basis of these policies and laws. Seen in this light, the state is used as a major mechanism in the development process. In addition, in order to protect the rights and interests of the citizens within the state and to fulfill their basic needs, the state is given the responsibility to play a leading role in the development process as other sectors are involved only in formulating and fulfilling the policy rules. In this way, the state also works to protect the private sector cooperative sector and non-government sector that support the state in the development process and to make the result-oriented transparency objective by regulating their role. . In some cases, the private and cooperative sectors are afraid to work in risky and low-profit areas. Even in such areas, the responsibility of conducting development works falls on the state, so the scope of work of the state is wide.
The development process is not an easy process. In some cases, it has to face various obstacles. Due to reasons such as compensation disputes, the development process is halted. In such cases, the state plays the role of facilitator. The state should be vigilant so that all the people can enjoy the fruits of the development process in an equitable manner. Similarly, the role of catalyst for the involvement of private sector, cooperative sector and non-governmental sector in the development process also belongs to the state.
What are the strengths of the role of the state in the development process of Nepal?
As Nepal is an underdeveloped country, despite various challenges in Nepal's development process, the state has some strengths. First of all, constitutionally, Nepal has envisioned a political system based on democratic values. The constitution envisages advancing the development process in collaboration with the public, private and cooperatives in accordance with the guiding principles of the state, but in spite of this, it has given more responsibility to the state. Through various policies and laws, the state has been established in the role of regulator and facilitator, which has made the role of the state a pioneer in the development process. The state is making efforts to invest in infrastructure development through development policies and envisages to be included in the list of developing countries by 2022. The organization of investment conferences has encouraged foreign investment through similar programs and seeks to create an investment-friendly environment. The constitution itself is committed to sustainable and rapid economic growth. Small, medium and large projects from local to central are being completed on the initiative of the three-tier government. The concept of environmental impact assessment in the development process has laid the foundation for sustainable development. The state has taken the policy of involving the local people in the development process in partnership with them.
However, due to public apathy towards open and liberal policies, the private and non-government sectors involved in development programs have not been as successful as expected.
. The people are not able to take ownership of the development works due to the practice of formulating development plans on the basis of Hachuwa rather than on the basis of need. The state has failed to regulate and monitor the non-government sector, which has resulted in most of its budget being spent on administrative work. Poor implementation of the Public Procurement Act and regulations has weakened the existing infrastructure. Due to political interference and other reasons, it is still difficult to create an investment-friendly environment and the existing investments are being repaid. Policy instability is seen due to unstable politics. Economic growth is weak. Most of the GDP is spent in unproductive sectors. Economic regulation is weak, development administration is ineffective, and corruption is on the rise. Even now, there is a need to supply electricity from India to some extent, which does not mean that the energy crisis is over, even if there is no immediate energy crisis.
Overall, the promulgation of the new constitution has achieved political stability, creating a conducive environment for the development process, but there are still walls of adversity. But if the right policy is formulated and implemented effectively, Nepal's efforts towards a developing country are sure to succeed. Loksewa tayari, Section officer preparation ,
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